Repeating-firearm



5 Sheets-Sheet. 1.

(No Model.)

F. REBS. RBPBATING PIREARM.

lamtented Apr. 19, 1892.

m: cams vs-rzns co., mow-umu.. msnmm'an. n. c.

(No Model.) 5 sheets-sheet 2.

F. REBS. REPEATING FIREA'RM.

No. 473,179. I Paten-tad Apr.19, 1892.

me mmm Perma w., vamo-uma., wAsmNuYon, u. c.

(No Model.) 5. Sheets-Sheet 3.

RRBES. l 'RBPBATING FIREARM. No. 473,179. PatentedApr. 19, 1.892.

Patented Apr. 19, 1.89.2.

(No Model.) v 5 sheetssheen 5.

. F.- BEES.

REP-EATING PIREARM.

Patented Apr. 19, 1892.

n., murmlrno. wAsmnnYnn, n. c.

rrnD STATns ATENT OFFICE.

FRANK REES, OF SOUTH ORANGE, NEV JERSEY.

REPEATlNG-FIREARIVI.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 473,17 9, dated April 19, 1892.

Application filed April 22, 1887. Serial No. 235.745. (No model.)

T @ZZ whon it may concern:

Be it known that I, FRANK REES, of South Orange, in the county of Essex and State of4 New Jersey, have invented an Improvement in Repeating-Firearms, of'which the following is a specification.

This invention isan improvement upon thatfor which Letters Patent Nos. 337,992 and 337,993 were granted to me March 16, 1336.

In my present im provemenxs the operations correspond generally to those set forth in my aforesaid patent; but the parts are simpliiied and less in number and the construction is such that the parts can be easily and cheaply lmade by machinery.

In the drawings, Figure l shows the butt and wooden stock of the gun and the rear portion of the housing or receiver with the left-hand rear side plate removed and a part of the right-hand side of the spring-barrel and the spring also removed to show the stop-wheel and pawl and windingpawl and chain belt. Fig. 2 is a section of the springbarrel and mainspring. Fig. 3 is a detached view of the axis of the spring-barrel. Fig. 4 is a horizontal section of the spring-barrel and part of the stock and a section of the end of the winding-crank and part of the crank-handle. Fig. 5 is a section through the stop-wheel and right-hand rear side plate to which the stop-Wheel is attached. Fig. 6 is a section of the right-hand side plate and a plan of the winding-pawl for holding the axis of the spring-barrel. Fig. 7 is a cross-section of the handle of the winding-crank and the setspring therein. Fig. 3 is an elevation of the lock or breech mechanism and a portion of the barrel and magazine, this ligure being a continuation of Fig. l. Fig. 9 is a cross-section of Fig. S at the line y y, looking` toward the rear of the gun. Fig. 10 is a section at the sameline looking toward the front. Fig. ll is a plan of the parts with the upper strap of the receiver removed and portions of the housing in section. Fig. l2 is a rear view of the revolving carrier. Fig. 13 is a detached elevation, and Fig. I4 a plan, of the togglejoints attached to the rear of the breech-bolt and part of the actuating-disk. Fig. l5 is a section of the carrier and an elevation of the rear part of the shaft and pinion andthe forward axis of the carrier. Fig. 1G is a cross- Fig. 17, of the breech-bolt and an elevation of the rear end of the tiring-pin. vFigs. 20, 21, 22, and 23 are detached views of the upper and lower extractorsprings attached to the breech-bolt. Fig. 24 is a detached View of the firing-pin. Fig. 25 is an elevation of the front left-hand side plate. Fig. 26 is a rear edge view of the same. Fig. 27 is an elevation of the inner side of a portion ofthe righthand front side plate. Fig. 2S is a section at the line z z', Fig. 27. Fig. 29 is an elevation of the inner side of the right-hand rear side plate. Fig. 30 is a plan or edge vieW of the same. Fig. 3l is a detachedview of the receiver or housing for the breech mechanism. Fig. 32 is a section of the same at the line x', Fig. 3l, looking toward the rear and showing also the gate and axis of the carrier in section. Fig. 33 is a cross-section at the line 0c fr, Fig. 3l, looking toward the front. Fig. 34 is a sectional plan View at the lines :1:3 w3 x2 x2, Fig. 3l. Fig. 35 is an inverted sectional plan View of the upper strapvof the receiver at the line u2 x2 m2, Fig. 31. Fig. 36 is a separate view in elevation of the removable slide-guide for the breech-bolt. Figs. 37, 38, and 39 show the gate that closes the opening in the righthand front side plate, through which the loaded cartridges are inserted in the gun and through which the empty shells are ejected. Fig. 40 is an elevation of the tumbler, showing its inner side. Fig. 4l is an elevation of the tumbler stop-plate which is attached to the inner face of the tumbler. Figs. 42, 43, and 44 show the trigger, trigger-slide, and tumblerescapement. Fig. 45 is an elevation of the chain-disk, showing the cam striker or ham` mer and lifting-cam for the toggles and in dotted lines showing the sprocket-Wheel for the chain belt behind the disk. Fig. 46 is a plan View of the same. Figs. 47 and 4S show the automatic or safety lock. Figs.l 49 and 50 show a detached View of the square on the rear end of the carrier-shaft, Figs. 1l and 55, behind the carrier-shaft pinion for stopping the carrier every half-revolution. Figs. 5l, 52, and 53 show the spring cartridge-stop at the rear of the magazine, Fig. 8, for holding the cartridges in the magazine during the revolu- IOO tion of the carrier. Fig. 5t is a section of the carrier and gate at the line z2z2 of Fig. 15, looking toward the rear and showing some adjacent parts in section. Fig. is a horizontal section through the middle of the carrier, showing in plan View the front carrieraxis, the rear carrier-shaft with pinion and stopping-square, and the gate-litters and gate. Fig. 56 is a front edge view of the tumbler and tumbler stop-plate. Fig. 57 is Aa plan of the trigger and its trigger-slide and tumblerescapelnent. Fig. 5S is an elevation of the right side of the breech-bolt, showing the firing-pin in dotted lines and the retractinglever in full lines and a section of the slideguide. Fig. 59 is a detached plan view of the same.

The stock A, Fig. l, is preferably of wood and is attached to the metal receiver or housing by screws through the tangs of the portions B B. This receiver extends forward in one solid forging, and into the forward end of which the barrel C, Fig. 8, is screwed and the magazine-tube C is inserted in the usual manner. The triggerguard B3 is preferably a solid portion with the receiver, and the upper and lower straps B and B of the receiver are connected securely by the tie-block B4 and the front portion B2 of the receiver and the rear circular strap B5, Fig. l, all forming one solidhousingfor receiving the various working parts of the gun, hereinafter described. v The sides of the receiver are covered by four side plates, which complete the housing for the parts and are shown in Figs.,25 to 30 and marked D D D2 D2. The plate D, Fig. 1l, covers the front left-hand side of the receiver, Dv the front right-hand side and the plate D2 the rear right-hand side, and the plate D3 covers the rear left-hand side, so that the working mechanism is completely inclosed by the metal housings, with no opening through which dirt or water can enter. The front ends of the front plates and the rear ends of the rear plates have beveled edges 2 3 and 4t- 5, which set in the beveled recesses of corresponding shape in B2 and B5, respectively, and these serve to hold the plates securely at their ends. The opposite ends of each pair of these plates come together over the tie-block B4, and the inward perforated extensions 6, Figs. 25 to 30, on the front ends of the rear plates set in under the corresponding extensions on the rear ends of the front plates, and

all four plates are held firmly together by thescrew d, that passes through the tie-block Bl. This screw d also forms the axis for the safetylock 0, hereinafter described. By partly unscrewing the sereT CZ the side plate D can be removed for the purpose'of oiling or cleaning the mechanism without loosening any of the other plates or parts, the thread for the screw cl being in the plate D. These side plates are shaped so as to cover properly the breech mechanism, and they have cylindrical projections that allow the carrier and cartridgesto revolve and an extension h6, as shown in Fig. 2G, to lill in and cover the notch in the lower strap of the receiver through which the trigger is inserted. The screw Z6 passes through the side plates and is employed to hind them together and also to form the axis for the rear toggle L4.

The volute or coiled mainspring E of the gun, Fig. 2, is placed within the spring-barrel E, and the outer end thereof is hooked around the cross-bar 7 and the inner end is hooked upon the axle e. This axle e passes through the circular head of the spring-barrel, Figs. 3 and 4, and also through the side plate D2, and it is permanently connected with the winding key or crank E3, which crank is set closely against the side of the stock A and can be revolved. The crank-handle El passes through an eye at the rear end of the winding-crank, and when the mainspring is wound up or the gun not in use this crank-handle can be slipped endwise through the eye of the crank-arm into a hole made to receive and shield it in the stock. This hole in the stock is protected by metal rings or escutcheons 9, sunk into the wood.

The crank-handle E4 has a iiange 10 at the end to prevent it from being pulled entirely through the eye of the crank-arm, and the screw 11 at the other end projects or overhangs, so as to prevent the handle from being pushed into the stock too far, and there is a friction-spring l2 in a grooved mortise running lengthwise of the handle, which spring serves-to set or hold the handle in either of its positions when it is pulled out or pushed in by its friction, and the ends of the spring are V-shaped to catch into a groove around within the eye at the end of the windingcrank. The mainspring is wound up after drawing out the crank-handle from the hole in the stock by revolving the crank-arm, and the pawl e', Fig. l, holds the spring when wound by taking into a recess or tooth in the axis e, so that the crank can only be stopped when it is against the side of the stock. This pawl e has a pivot-stud passing into the plate D2, and its rear rounded end sets within a circular flange e2 upon the inside of theside plate, and which flange takes the strain off the pivot of the pawl.

The stop cog-wheel e4 is designed for the double purpose of stopping or blocking the winding-crank when the mainspring is wound up tight, so as to prevent the mainspring from being broken by excessive winding, and this stop cog-wheel also serves to arrest or stop the unwinding of the mainspring before it is too weak to completely revolve the breech mechanism, thereby preventing accident from any incomplete movement in the parts of the gun. This is accomplish ed in the following manner: Every time the winding-crank is revolved one complete revolution the finger or cog 13, striking against a cog of e4, turns it one tooth, and.

when the mainspring has been wound up tight the stud c5, projecting from the side plate D2, arrests the further movement of the stop- ICO ITO

wheel e4. It is to be understood that the wheel e4 is pivoted upon the side plate, as shown in Fig. 5, and this wheel e4 has a circular groove cut partly around its pivot, as shown by the dottedlines, Fig. 1; but this groove does not form a complete circle, but is interrupted, so that when the cog-wheel is turned it will only revolve in either direction until it is stopped by the projection e5, striking against the solid portion of the cog-wheel at the ends of the circular groove. Then the cog-wheel e4 is stopped in this manner, thewinding-crank can no longer be revolved, because the finger 13 is blocked in its movement by a cog of the wheel e4, and in this way the excessive winding of the mainspring is stopped and the mainspring protected from any undue strain. -It is also to be understood that the number of cogs on e4 and the length of its circular groove must be adapted to the number of revolutions of the winding-crank necessary to complete winding the mainspring.

lVhen tiring the arm, the mainspring unwinds and turns the spring-barrel E in the direction indicated by the arrow, Fig. 1, so that the cog 1-1 on the inner side of the chain or sprocket flange strikes a cog of e4 and turns it one tooth in the opposite direction from that just described in winding, and each cornplete revolution of the spring-barrel turns e4 one tooth, so that when the mainspring is unwound to near the point when it would no longer have the power necessary to properly and completely turn the breech mechanism the spring-barrel is arrested by the cog 14 being blocked in its movement by a cog of e4, which itself has been stopped by the projection c5, striking the end of the groove in the wheel e4. The pawl 15 is attached to the side plate D2e and acts to hold the stop-wheel e4 in whatever position it is forced by the movement of the winding-crank or spring-barrel, and is acted upon by the pawl-spring 75, having a pin at 76, which retains it in position. This spring also acts upon the winding-pawl e.

The chain belt F passes around the liange e6, and upon this flange c are sprockets or hook shaped projections matching in between the double links of the chain and forming a chain-wheel, and as the lower portion of this chain is the pulling portion the upper portion is allowed to be slack, so that there is no material friction at the bend 16 of the receiver. From the chain-wheel e on the spring-barrel the chain belt passes around the chain or sprocket wheel I at one side of the cam-disk G,Figs. S,-15,and 46,and this chainwheel I is eccentric to its axis 20, so that the mainspring, acting through the chain, exerts its greatest power to revolve the parts at or near the commencement of each movement or about the time when the loaded cartridge is forced into the barrel and the cartridge tired and also at the time when the empty cartridge has to be drawn out of the barrel. At all other portions of the movement the power required is very small, the greatest power being required to withdraw the exploded shell from the barrel. The axis 20 passes through the similarly-marked hole in the central block b, Fig. 31,which block forms the bearing for the revolving parts of the breech mechanism and in which the triggerslide also moves, and this block b is a solid portion of the receiver. The axis 20 is also a solid portion of the ltumbler K, Figs. 8, 10; and 56,and the chain-wheel I is permanently connected with this axis, so that the chainwheel and tumbler revolve together. The tumbler K and the parts connected therewith are similar to those shown in my aforesaid patents, and a reference is hereby made to the same for the general construction and operations thereof, and there are upon this tumbler the three cog-teeth 21, Fig. 40, that act upon the six-toothed pinion 22 on the carrier g, Fig. 8, 11, and 12, to revolve the carrier G a half-revolution each time the arm is tired, and the tumbler-plate K which is pinned to the inner side of the tumbler K, Figs. 4:0 and 41, acts against one face of the carrier-square 23, Figs. 49, 50, and 11, to hold the carrier in position.

rlhe tumbler-plate K is cut away to allow the square to revolve at the time the teeth 21 are acting upon the pinion 22, and there is upon the tumbler K a stud Z2, passing into an eye at one end of the connecting-link Z, Fig.

S, and this link Z extends to the stud Z3,.pro j ecting from the breech-bolt L, Figs. S and 17, and serves to draw the bolt backward and forward as the tumbler is revolved, and there are longitudinal ribs at the top edges of the breech-bolt L, forming a T-slide, Figs. 17, 1S, and 19, that slide in the undercut slideways 25, Figs. 31 and 32, upon the under side of the straps B, so that the breech-bolt is sup- IOO ported thereby and free to move backward and forward, and the movable piece shown in Fig. 36 forms one side of the slideways to allow for inserting or removing the T-slide of the breech-bolt.

The toggle-links L3 L4, Figs. S, 13, and 14, are similar to those in the aforesaid patents, the link L4 being pivoted at ZG and the two links joined at Z4 by a pin or screw, and there is upon the toggle L4 a projecting cam Z5, beneath which the projecting cam Z4 upon the disk G passes, as shown in Fig. 13, to support the toggles and hold the breech-bolt L against the recoil when the arm is fired, and this stud Z4 passes from beneath the project-- IIO ing cam Z5 as soon as' the chain-wheel cornmences to revolve and allows the toggle-links to be folded downwardly as the breech-bolt is drawn backward by the link Z and crankpin Z2 upon the tumbler K. To start the downward folding motion of the toggles, I extend the extractor-spring 50 at its rear end and I provide a nose 98, pressing on the link L3, and at the proper moment this nose, through the action of the forward part on the spring, pushes the toggle L3 down sufficiently to start the downward folding movement.

at the front parts 31, Fig. 15.

The revolving carrier G, instead of being S-shaped, as in my former patents, is in the form represented in Figs. 8, 12, 15, 16, and 54. The sides 30 of the carrier at one side of each chamber into which the cartridges are received extends but slightly above the middle line of the cartridges, while the opposite sides of the chambers are entirely cut away, except Vhen the carrier is revolved, as indicated by the arrow, Fig. 12, one of the sides 30 pushes against the loaded cartridge in the lower chamber and carries it up into line with the barrel, and then the breech-bolt coming forward forces it into the barrel, where it is exploded, after which the breech-bolt is drawn backward, the empty shell is drawn out of the barrel by the extractor-spring hooks 50 and 51, and the carrier is again revolved and the empty cartridge is carried out sidewise from between the extractor-hooks and moved down by the revolution of the carrier and ejected laterally at the open side of the carrier behind the projection 31 and delivered through the open doorway 32 in the side plate D', Figs. 1G and 27. The loaded cartridges are passed back into the lower chambers of the carrier, each hal t'-revolution by the action of the magazinespring and its follower.

I provide a swinging gate m to close the opening 32, and this gate is opened during a quarter-revolution of the carrier, and it is open wide when the empty shell is brought down opposite the opening by the carrier, and as the carrier is suddenly stopped the inertia ot' the empty shell carries it out through the opening 32, after which the gate misreleased and the gate swings down again and closes the opening The spring 37, Fig. 3, screwed upon the magazine, acts against the crank 3G of the front axis 35, Fig. 15, ot' the carrier G to close the gate m when it is released, and when this gate m is closed the lower chamber of the'carrier is ready to receive the next loaded cartridge as it is passed into the carrier from the magazine. It is to be borne in mind that in this arm all the movements of the mechanism necessary for loading and firing are effected and controlled by one movement ot the trigger backward and forward, as will be more fully described.

The block b, Figs. 31 and 34, is recessed for the reception of the axis g of the carrier and cut away or notched for the carrier-shaft pinion and stoppin g-square, and the carrier-shaft is kept in place by a metal'piece covering its rear bearing, which is held in place by a pin through the block h.

- rl`he gate m, Figs. 37, 3S, and 39,is provided with arms 33 and 34 at front and rear, and the rear arin 34 is hooked and the carriershaft g'passes through the hook, and the front arm 33 has a square hole, Fig. 39, for the axis 35, which axis is in line with the shaft g of the carrier, and the rear end of this axis 35 is round and enters a round hole in the front end of the carrier, upon which axis the carlitters, Fig. 55.

rier is supported and can revolve but as the arm 33 is affixed to the square portion of the axis 35 it moves in unison with the gate and is not moved by the revolution of the carrier. This axis 35 passes through the receiver B2 between the barrel and the magazine, and it has a crank-arm 3G, Figs. 37 and 55, and the spring 37, screwed upon the magazine C', Figs. 8 and 37, acts atits free end against the crankarm 36 and tends to close and keep closed the gate m. The gate m is opened against the action of this spring at the right moment by the alternate action of one of the two gate- Each gate-lifter is formed by an arm 40, projecting from the cylindrical portion that passes into and through the hole 41, Figs. 55, 12, and 15, through the carrier, and are connected together by a screw passing through the cylindrical portion; but the rear sides of the carrier are slotted longitudiynally, so that the arms of the litters iu the rear of the cylindrical portions just described vare free to move a small distance across the axis of the carrier, and in the rear arm 34 of the gate m is a groove or slot 44.

Vhen the breech mechanism is at rest, the parts are in the positions shown in Figs. 32, 54, and 55, so that when the carrier revolves one lifter 40 on the left-hand side, Fig. 55, passes down under and strikes against-the under side of the gate-arm 34 and lifts the same and swings open the gate, and as the carrier completes the last portion ot' its revolution the opposite litter 40 runs down upon a cam 45, Figs. 31, 32, and 54, which cam is upon the front end of the block b, and the litters are moved laterally across the axis ot' the carriei so as to bring the lifting-arm 40, that opens the gate, into line with the segmental groove 44 of the gate-arm 34, so as to allow the spring 37 to instantly close the gate m. It will be seen that the gate is opened Wide as the carrier is completing its half-revolution, and there is no obstruction to prevent the empty cartridge from being promptly ejected, after which the gate closes instantly -anvd automatically. A

In the upper part of the breech-bolt L is a groove, Figs. 1S and 10, for receiving the cartridge-extractor spring 50, Fig. 20, andin the lower portion of the bolt is a groove for receiving' the extractor-spring 5l, Figs. 21, 22, and 23. The forward ends of these vsprings are hooked, so as to catch hold of the rirn at the butt of the cartridge-shell, and there are grooves in the carrier G for allowing thelower extractor 51 to pass freely backward and forward with the breech-bolt. These extractorsprings are firmly fixed at their rear ends to the bolt by pins passing through them into the breech-bolt. The tiring-pin a, Figs. 53, 59, and 24, passes through the center of the breech-bolt in line with the axis of the barrel, and there is a lateral projection n', with a cani-head n2, at the rear end ot' the firing-pin, and upon the disk G', Fig. 45, there is a cam striker or hammer n3, which, striking against the firing-pin cam n2, projects the ring-pin i 56, to rest upon the block 70 and stop the revoforward against fulminating-cap of the cartridge and explodes it immediately after the cam-stud Z4, Figs. S and 13, has run underthe projecting stud Z5 on the toggle-links to lock the toggles and breech-bolt against such recoil. These movements take place when'the mainspring, acting through the chain and eccentric chain-wheel T, developes the greatest leverage and power.

Upon the side of the breeclnbolt is pivoted the retracting-lever 86, Figs. 58 and 59, the upper end of which retractor passes into a recess S8 in the slideway B12 when the parts are in the proper position foi-firing, and the lower end of the retractor rests against the projecting arm 'n' of the firing-pin, so that when the breech-bolt is drawn backward the retractor 86 is carried with itandis partly rotated upon its pivot S7, and the lower end forces backwardly the projecting arm and firing-pin and the extreme front end of the tiring-pin is drawn back into the bolt and retained there till the moment of firing. Hence there is no danger of the firing-pin' exploding a loaded cartridge in the forward movement of the breech-bolt while the cartridge is being forced into the barrel. The slideway B12 is secured to the strap B by screws, and it is made removable to allow for the insertion or removal of the breech-bolt.

The trigger F Fig. 8, is made with or connected to a sliding piece F2, that slides in a recess at the left side of the block b, and the trigger-spring F3, which is V-shaped or folded, acts at one end against a pin 60 upon the trigger to press the trigger forward, and the other end acts against a pin 6l upon the safety-lock O, which lock is pivoted, as aforesaid, upon the screw CZ in a mortise in the tie-block B4, and the spring acts to press it backward and upward, and the upper end G3 of the safety-lock is swung out through a mortise in the strap B at the small portion of the receiver, and there is a lateral bar or finger 64, Fig. 43, projecting from the trigger across the path of the disk G', and this disk iscut away or notched between 66 and 67, Figs. S and 45, so that the projecting bar 64C prevents the trigger from being pressed forward by the action of the spring F3 until the end`67 of the notch has passed above the projecting bar 64, so that the trigger cannot go forward and allow the tumbler K to revolve and the toggles to unlock until the explosion has been accomplished. By this device the arm is made perfectly safe, .so that the trigger cannot act except when the partsl are in proper position for firing, no matter how fast the trigger may be pulled.

Upon the forward end of the trigger-slide F2 is the block 70, and upon this block the tumbler K is arrested in its revolution until the ring has taken place, as shown in Fig. 8, there being a fiat bearing behind the point 26 of the tumbler K, as shown in Figs. 40 and lution of the tumbler.

In 8 the parts are in the position assumed after the firing has taken place, the trigger still being in its backward position, and when the pressure on the trigger F is released the spring Fis slides the trigger and all its parts forward and the bar 64 of the trigger passes under the part 67 of the disk G,while the block '70 passes forward and away from under the tumbler K and said tumbler is free 4to make a partial revolution until the end 26 of the tumbler is arrested by the hooked rear portion f3 of the trigger and the end 66 of the .notch is just below the finger or bar 6i of the trigger, and the parts remain in this position until the trigger is pulled. lVhen the trigger is in this forward position, the safety-lock O swings upwardly', so that the end 63 projects throughthe strap B and the part upon the lower portion of the safety-lock is behind and against the rear projecting end of the trigger. Hence the trigger is locked and cannot be moved or the gun tired except by properly grasping the firearm around the small portion of the receiver,in doing which the inside of the thumb of the grasping-hand presses inwardly the projecting part 63 of the safety-lock and throws down the end 65 below the projection of the trigger, so that the trigger can now be pulled back, liberating simultaneously the 1ingers 64 from the notch in the disk G and drawing back the hook f3 out o f the path of the point 26 of the tumbler K and allowing the parts to be revolved, and in so doing the carrier receives a half-revolution, carrying down and ejecting the empty cartridge and elevatinga loaded cartridge from the line of the magazine to the line of the barrel, and then the breech bolt, coming forward, projects the loaded cartridge into the barrel, the'toggles are locked, and the hammer strikes the tiringpin to fire the cartridge.

In the upper surface of the strap B at the rear of the magazine C is the spring-catch S5, Figs. S, 51, 52, and 53, recessed into the surface of the metal. The projecting forward end of this spring serves to detain the cartridgesl in the magazine While the carrier is being revolved and the gate m opened, and the front end of this spring adjacent to the rear end of the magazine is provided with an arm extending outward under the gate 85, Fig. 16, so thatwhen the gate is thrown down it strikes against the arm 85 and presses the spring and holds it down,so that the next loaded cartridge in' the magazine is pressed backwardly into the carrier by the action of the magazine-spring. It will be apparent that the convex segments upon the side plates D and D allow for the revolutions of the carrier and the cartridges and shells slide upon the inner surfaces of these convex segments in their movements during the revolutions of the carrier.

The notch in the convex segment of the IOO IOS

plate D allows the thumb-piece or handle, Figs. 27 and 39, of the gate to swing up the necessary distance, and the gate may be opened by hand when it is desired to insert or remove a cartridge or cartridges by pressing against this th umh-piece.

The parts 8l of the carrier G extend but a short distance back from the forward end of said carrier, and hence the bullet of each cartridge rests in a semicireular recess and caunot be thrown too far by the inertia when the carrier stops; but the ball is held inline with the barrel and the rear end of the cartridge cannot become displaced because there is a projection D7, Fig. 2G, upon the inner face of the side plate D, that forms a curved continuation of the inner surface of the recess, so that the proper space is left for the base of the cartridge between the recess of the carrier and this projection bl.

When the cartridge is projected baekwardly from the magazine into the carrier its movement is arrested by the forward end of the block b; but, as seen in Fig. S, there is considerable space between this block and the rear end ot' the carrier. The object of this space is to allow for assembling the carrier and also to prevent the carrier coming into contact with the ends of the retractors 50 and 5l, as they project beyond the end of the block b after they have drawn back the cartridge-shell into the carrier, and from which retractors the shell. is taken off laterally and then a cartridge is brought up between them and in front of the firing-pin to be projected into the barrel. I also remark that the bottom of the arm n2, that projects from the tiring-pin, rests upon the top part of the block b, so as to support this arm against the downward action of the hammer-cam as it revolves in contact therewith.

The part B of the receiver is cut away adjacent to the bottom of the gate fm, so that there is no ledge or projection upon which sand or foreign substances can accumulate.

It will be apparent that most all the features of improvement in this firearm are not necessarily dependent upon the chain as the connection between the spring-barrel and tumbler axis. Y I have shown and prefer the chain; but bevel gearwheels may take the place of the chain-wheels, and a shaft, with bevelgears at its ends gearing into such bevel-wheels, may take the place of the chain to connect the spring-barrel an d tumbler-axis.

I claim as my invention- 1. The combination,with the gunstoek and the cheeks, of the spring and spring-barrel for actuating the moving parts of the gun, a winding-crank attached to the aXis of the spring-barrel, and a sliding crank-handle adapted to pass into a hole in the stock when the crank is in line therewith, substantially as set forth.

2. The combination, with the stock, the cheeks, and the spring and spring-barrel for actuating the firing mechanism in the gun,

and a winding-crank, of the stop-Wheel pivoted upon the cheek and having teeth upon its periphery, the tiriger upon the axis of the spring-barrel for turning the stop-wheel in one direction and a projection upon the spring-barrel for turning the stop-wheel 1n the other direction, and a projecting pin for blocking the rotation of the stop-wheel, substantially as set. forth.

The combination, with the straps or receiver, spring and spring-barrel, and the connections to the moving parts in the firearm, of the side plates D D D2 D3, beveled at their ends, and the screws (Z for holding the plates to the straps or receiver of the gun, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination, with the spring and spring-barrel in the stock and the chain for actuating the tiring mechanism in agun, of a breech-bolt and carrier in the rear of the barrel, a tumbler, and a chain-wheel that is eccentric to the axis of the tumbler, and a link connecting the tumbler and breech-bolt, substantially as set forth.

5. The combination, with the spring and spring-barrel in the gunstock, wheels, and

-connections therefrom for actuating the liring mechanism in a gun, of the revolving tumbler and an axis on which the same revolves, the trigger, and trigger-slide below the tumbler and having a block and hook, forming an escapement for the end of the revolving tumbler, substantially as set forth.

(5. The combination, with the revolving tumbler, the trigger, and the trigger-slide, of a safety-lock acting behind the trigger-slide and having an end that projects through a a mortise in the strap or receiver at the small of the stock, substantially as and the purposes set forth.

7. Ihe combination,with the spring, springbarrel, chain, and chain Wheels or connections for actuating the firing mechanism in a gun,

`of a notched disk Gr', the tumbler K, having an axis upon which the disk G and chainwheel are attached, the trigger, the triggerslide, the finger Gat, projecting laterally at the rear of the trigger-slide and acting in connection with the notched disk G', the safety-lock O behind the trigger-slide, pivoted in the block B4 and having the projection 65 adjacent to the rear end of the triggerfslide, and the spring F3, acting between the safety-lock and the triggereslide, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, with the breech-bolt, the tumbler, and the link connecting the breech-bolt to the tumbler, of a spring, springbarrel chain, and chain Wheels or connections for revolving the tumbler, a carrier and sectional gearing for rotating and holding the same, and a swinging gate covering an opening in the housing, and means for opening the swinging gate to allow the cartridge-shell to pass out, substantially as set forth.

9. The combination, with the barrel and magazine, of the carrier and means for reVolV- IOO IIO

ing the same, and the side plate D', having an opening adjacent to the carrier, the swinging gate to close the said opening, the axial pin 35, connected With the same, the crank 36 upon the axis 35, and the spring 37 for Closing the gate, substantially as set forth.

10. The combination, with the revolving carrier and the swinging gate, ot' a spring to close the gate, and the gate-litters sliding transversely across the axis of the carrier, and a cam for moving the gate-litters, substantially as set forth.

11. The combination, with the breech-bolt, of a revolving tumbler and link for moving the breech-bolt, toggle-arms for supporting the breech-bolt against the recoil,a disk oonneoted to and revolving with the tumbler, a stud upon the disk for holding the toggles during the explosion of the cartridge, and a hammer upon the disk, and a firing-pin sliding through the breech-bolt, substantially as set forth.

12. The combination, With the magazine, the revolving carrier, the breech-bolt, and the firing-pin Within the same, of a hammer to act upon the firing-pin, and a retractor pivoted upon the breech-bolt and acting to withdraw the firing-pin as the breech-bolt is moved back, substantially as set forth.

13. The combination, with the magazine and the revolving carrier, of a swinging gate covering the opening through which the o artridge-shell is ejected, and a retaining-spuug at the rear end of the magazine to keep the cartridges in the magazine, against which the gate acts as it is closed, substantially as set forth. n

14. The combination,with the spring-barrel and spring in a magazine-gun, ot' an axis for the spring-barrel and a Winding-crank permanently connected together, andv a pawl to engage one notch in the axis for holding the parts with the winding-crank against the side of the stock, substantially as specified.

15. The combination, with the sliding breech-bolt having grooved sides, of the receiver-strap B, grooved on its under side to form a slideway for the breech-bolt and having one portion B12 below the fixed portion of the strap B removable to allow for the insertion of the breech-bolt, substantially as set forth.

Signed by me this 18th day of April, A. D. 1887.

FRANK REES.

Nitnessesz GEO. T. PINCKNEY, W. L. SERRELL. 

